Goth music emerged in the late 1970s as a subculture, characterized by its dark, introspective lyrics, melancholic melodies, and a distinct fashion style. It encompasses a range of genres, including gothic rock, post-punk, and darkwave. Artists like The Cure, Siouxsie and the Banshees, and Bauhaus are influential figures within the goth scene.

Industrial music originated in the late 1970s and early 1980s, featuring harsh sounds, repetitive beats, and often experimental or avant-garde elements. It incorporates electronic instrumentation, found sounds, and sometimes abrasive or confrontational themes. Bands such as Throbbing Gristle, Nine Inch Nails, and Ministry are key figures in shaping the industrial genre.